Some games have a shorter play time and make a great quick break. Of course, they also are fun and demand repeated play, filling as much time as you wish.
10 minutes
Escape: The Curse of the Temple (1-5 players)
One Night Ultimate Werewolf (3-10 players)
15-20 minutes
Exploding Kittens (2-5 players)
Fantasy Realms (3-6 players)
Qwixx (2-5 players)
Spyfall (3-8 players)
30-45 minutes
Azul (2-4 players)
Century Spice Road (2-5 players)
Dixit (3-6 players)
Dominion (2-4 players)
Imhotep: Builder of Eqypt (2-4 players)
Machi Koro (2-4 players)
7 Wonders (2-7 players)