The Chicago Style

for bibliography and footnotes

            For the research paper assignment this class requires footnotes (not endnotes or parenthetical “author-date” notes) and a bibliography, both in the Chicago style (not MLA, APA, or any other).

            Footnotes and bibliography entries have related but distinct forms, which should not be confused in your paper. In addition, different kinds of sources (e.g. books, book chapters, and journal articles) each have their own note and bibliographic forms.

For basic guidelines and examples, see:

• “Chicago-Style Citation Quick Guide”
• Purdue Online Writing Lab (OWL): Chicago Style
• Jules R. Benjamin, A Student’s Guide to History (Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, any edition).

For greater detail, see:

• Kate L. Turabian, A Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations: Chicago Style for Students and Researchers, now in its eighth edition (Chicago: University of Chicago Press).
• See also the publisher’s “Turabian Quick Guide.”

For really tough cases:

• The above-noted sources should meet all your needs but, FYI, the last resort, monster, and ultimate authority is:   
• The Chicago Manual of Style, 17th edition (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2017).

Don’t buy this. It is expensive, and every library has at least one copy. Penn State has the whole book online. (See below.) The 16th, 15th, and 14th editions will also do.

***Penn State subscribes to the online version, which you can access via the Library website, “Citation and Writing Guides” page.  If you are not already logged into the Penn State system, you will be prompted to type in your Penn State user ID and password, and that will give you access to the entire Chicago manual free of charge.

Note: All of the above-mentioned websites are also accessible via the Penn State Libraries’ “Citation and Writing Guides” page.

-Mark McNicholas       2/9/18